added points on phobia.

syaza, i agree with you. phobia suferers can't do so many activities due to their fearness to something. like you just said, if a father fear to water then the son also can't do splashing with his father. this really hard for the sufferers family. pity to them. this is because when someone fear to something, then the family members also have to avoid from doing activities that can relate to what the phobia suferer fear to.

HOW TO OVERCOME PHOBIA?

Now let us discuss more about phobia. As we have done the discussion on the causes of phobia, so let us see if there any treatments or medication for phobia suferers. I've read lots of articles about the treatments for phobia. From the articles, i get lots of information on how to overcome phobia. As we know, phobia is kind of serious disease. A phobic will suffer very badly to overcome phobia, but the scientists and psychologists have discovered methods or treatments to overcome phobia so that phobia can be treated. The treatments are based on psychological and medical methods. The first treatment is Positive Reinforcement which using the concept imitation. This is because, people learn best when they can observed and try to imitate the model. For example, the doctor will force people who afraid of cats to see other people playing with and petting the cats. By observing this actions, phobias against cats can be cured. The second treatment is Systematic Desencitization. this treatment is focusing on 3 steps which is Identification, Relaxation, and Desencitization. In identification step, the phobia suferer was asked to identify the kind of phobia that he or she suffered, the level of the phobia and causes of the phobia. Then in the second step which is relaxation, the doctor or psychologist wiil help and advice the phobia suferers to get relax or be calm when facing what they fear of. In the last step which is Desencitization, the phobic will have to face what they fear of in many ways so that they will not afraid to what they fear of anymore. The Third treatment is ognitive Behavioural Therapy. This treatment is using 3 techniques which is the first one is Didactic component. This phase will helps to set up positive expectations for therapy and promote the phobia sufferer's cooperation. Second is Cognitive component, it helps to identify the thoughts and assumptions that influence the person's behavior, particularly those that may predispose him or her to being phobic and the third one is Behavioral component, this employs behavior-modifying techniques to teach the individual with a phobia more effective strategies for dealing with problems. The next treatment is Selective Serotonin Reactive Inhibator. This treatment often use if the CBT treatment are not effective. This medication affect level of serotonin in the brain. Drug will be use to low the level of serotonin in the brain. So when the phobic face their phobias, they will not get panic badly and help the phobic to be calm. But this treatment cause common side effects such as dry mouth, sexual dysfunction, sleeping problem and more. The last treatment is Beta-Blocker. this treatment will helps to block the effect that adrenalin has on the body such as propanol. These disorder are less commonly treated with drugs in a medication class known as "Benzodiazepines". With all kind of treatment that have been doscovered by the sceincetists and phychologists, phobia can be treated. so the phobia suferers should not be worried as there are lots of treatments to overcome phobia.

What is phobia?...

Do or does someone you care about suffer from phobias?If so, let's look at some information here that you may use to overcome phobia. We take phobias seriously as threats not so much to life itself, but as obstacles to lifestyle. Phobias prevent people from enjoying many activities, such as shopping, camping, driving, cooking and others. It may sound funny those people phobias to this activities but that is the truth in reality. For instance, when a father fears water, a child misses splashing with dad. If the solution to phobias was easy, the problem would not exist. There are no one sells a pill or markets a single technique guaranteed to remove phobic suffering for all people in all cases. We emphasize before that no technique is an instant "miracle" cure. Getting over a phobia that has plagued a person for many times requires time, patient and effort( Bell, H. A. & Gardner J. 2005). The phobic experience is memorable and that is why some people still can feel the phobia that they experience in childhood. There are some common stressors and anxieties of daily living. For example, when we starts our car and worries that the ping sound in the engine means a big repair bill in the near future. In conclusion about what is phobia? It is a feeling that mostly everyone experience it due to fear.

how phobias continue

As we know the response that phobia carry and exist or we fight or flight the response. So when we are danger we either to prepare and fight or to run away. That happen because sometimes the unconscious mind and your body not be control anymore it situation can be danger. So it attaches feelings of discomfort, anxiety or terror to that object or situation to make you avoid it. And it has probably been quite successful at doing this. So the phobic response is simply a protection mechanism that got to the wrong kind of thing - something that in reality may not be life threatening at all. In fact, with another part of your mind your conscious mind you have always known this. But that hasn't helped because this isn't about being logical and rational - if it was then you would not have had a phobia. When the protection mechanism got to whatever that thing or situation was, the unconscious mind created a very strong around that thing. And after that, whenever it recognises a match to that thing and it doesn't have to be a match or it will trigger those feelings of anxiety and panic.This is why phobia tend to spread out and general - particularly agoraphobia and claustrophobia - as more a more situations are matched creat more and more reference templates for "life-threatening " situations. And every time panic it just reinforces the idea that your mind has got that this is "dangerous" or "life-threatening". This is why phobias get naturally worse over time rather than better. Many people thing their phobia like this for a long time - typically for decades. But eventually these "solutions" become part of the problem: the avoidance and control behaviours become the handicap, using up time, energy and attention needed for other things. When this happens most sufferers think "enough is enough". And do something about it. And get help

causes of phobia..

as in many articles that i've read, there is no specific causes for phobia actually.
this is because the causes of phobia is depending on the situations.usually, people who suffer phobia can't tell to others how they get into this kind of problem. they hardly can explain why they afraid to what they are fear to.
some specialist says that phobia created because of life events. i'll give an example by situation okey. let say someone was stuck in a lift. of course when the lift is not working and stuck, people in the lift can't go out and and the lift become dark and hot. people in there will hardly breath and will scare that no one will help them. when this situation is created, someone who easy to get panic will become out of control and panicking like crazy. this is the time that phobia created. the next time the person will surely afraid to use the lift due to what he or she faced before. so, i can conclude that life events or can we understand as past experiences is one of the causes of phobia.
the second causes that i've read is the factor of family or cultural influence. this is a bit hard to understand. but from my understanding, i can say if someone in the family suffering kind of phobia, another person in the family might have high risk to also suffering any kind of phobia. like what i've said just now 'cultural influence'. this mean that, if the sister is afraid or dark place usually the younger sister will also have that kind of phobia too. so i can conclude here that family history is also the factor that can be the causes of phobi. people with family members that have phobia history are 3 times risky to also suffers phobia.
this is what i understand from the article that i've read from the web medicine.net under topic phobia. lets do some critical thinking about this okey. if i give wrong information get me correct okey..
thanks..

what it feels like to have a phobia

Most people with a phobia are normal, happy and balanced.
They have just got this phobia, this thing they feel powerless to do anything to change. So it's very frustrating because a part of them (the rational thinking part) knows that it doesn't make sense, that they are okay and probably quite safe with that thing or in that situation. But they nevertheless find that when they are exposed to that thing or situation, or thinking about it, another part of them (the irrational unconscious part) drives out rational thought and anxiety and panic floods in.
Have a read through the science of phobias below to see exactly how and why this happens.
Phobias will often start to affect self-confidence and self-esteem. Sufferers feel they are not understood, that others think they are stupid. And it can make them feel embarrassed and stupid. Like a slur on their sanity.
But phobias are a very human thing. It's to do with the way we are wired. And they rarely go any deeper than that. It's like getting a puncture: it can happen to anyone and it doesn't matter when, where or how you got it. You just know you've got it and that it can be fixed.
About 10% of the human race has a phobia. So phobias are not strange or bizarre, in fact they are incredibly common. And although it can feel like you are the only one, you are not.